How to identify the ‘zombie’ firms at risk of default
Looking at firms using both the interest coverage ratio (ICR) and Altman’s Z-score can help reveal whether a company might be in distress....
I by IMD is a business intelligence platform designed for today's leaders. We deliver expert-led insights, diverse perspectives, and practical learning tools to help decision-makers navigate critical business challenges.

July 10, 2026 • by I by IMD in Leadership • 6 min read
In an era of geopolitical shocks, rapid technological change and large-scale corporate transformation, Woodside Energy’s CFO Graham Tiver argues that the core disciplines of finance leadership are more important than ever....
Continue readingJanuary 30, 2024 • by Camilla Erencin, Simon J. Evenett, Alexander Gruber, Felix Reitz in Crux of Capitalism • 5 min read
Looking at firms using both the interest coverage ratio (ICR) and Altman’s Z-score can help reveal whether a company might be in distress....
January 30, 2024 • by Emilia Bunea in Audio articles • 9 min read
A sprinkling of well-judged humor makes for better leadership. Through training and practice, executives can acquire the tools of comedy to enhance how they lead....
January 29, 2024 • by Valentina Masseretti , Anita Quas , Stefano Romito, Clodia Vurro in Finance • 8 min read
Impact venture capital in Europe is generating lower financial returns than its traditional counterpart. Here are three possible reasons why....
January 29, 2024 • by Katharina Lange in Book Review • 9 min read
A new book by Dovev Lavie, Professor at the Department of Management and Technology of Bocconi University, sets out an extraordinary plan to tackle urgent social problems of inequality, wealth concentration, loss...
January 26, 2024 • by Yueyuan Selina Xue, Wei Wei, Mark Greeven in Asian hub • 9 min read
How has China’s automotive sector made the journey to where it is today? What has driven this focus and dynamic growth and what are its prospects?...
January 26, 2024 • by Raphaël Grieco, Karl Schmedders in Capital Conversations • 1 min read • Podcast available
Fergal Mullen emphasizes that success metrics should extend beyond mere fund size and align with broader strategies at investment firms...
January 26, 2024 • by Michael Yaziji in Audio articles • 11 min read
Executives often struggle to lead teams effectively because they are oblivious to the psychological factors that shape human behavior. Understanding and recognizing these factors opens the door to better outcomes....
January 26, 2024 • by Hischam El-Agamy in Governance • 7 min read
Though they may find it an invaluable tool, scenario planning isn’t just for business leaders. It has also been successfully used in brokering peace between conflicting sides. This is why it should...
January 25, 2024 • by Zhike Lei in Management Cast • 2 min read • Podcast available
Professor Zhike Lei discusses how to create a failure-positive workplace and how to manage fear...
January 25, 2024 • by Niccolò Pisani in Competitiveness • 7 min read
For European businesses to regain competitiveness, three strategic priorities stand out in the face of recent trade patterns and geopolitical shifts....
January 25, 2024 • by Michael Watkins in Brain Circuits • 3 min read
As part of our series on strategic thinking, here we offer three actions that we as leaders can take to cultivate strategic thinking in our organizations....
January 25, 2024 • by Siri Terjesen in Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion • 6 min read
As companies grapple with economic uncertainties, the progress towards more inclusive boards is slowing down. Broadening the talent search and investing in training programs are crucial for redressing the slide....
January 24, 2024 • by Faisal Hoque in Innovation • 10 min read
Why our future depends on cross-boundary collaboration with AI....
January 24, 2024 • by Borja García Fernandez in Finance • 9 min read
Access to basic services and infrastructure remains out of reach for an alarming number of people. Social finance, targeted at addressing deep-set societal challenges, is one way for investors to make a...
January 23, 2024 • by Michael Watkins in Leadership • 12 min read
Given the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence, business leaders need a dynamic framework to anticipate the impact of AI on their business....
January 23, 2024 in Business transformation • 9 min read
Anticipating rising raw material costs, Tata Steel’s CEO & Managing Director TV Narendran tells IMD President Jean-François Manzoni how he introduced a change management process to instill a culture of future readiness...
January 23, 2024 • by Camilla Erencin, Simon J. Evenett, Alexander Gruber, Felix Reitz in Crux of Capitalism • 4 min read
The economic profit measure developed in the Crux of Capitalism initiative is based solely on reported firm performance. As such it departs from established metrics of the national business environment...
January 22, 2024 • by Bettina Büchel in Business transformation • 5 min read
Fully owning the process allows organizations to develop a systematic approach to problem-solving and managing change...
January 22, 2024 • by Sonja Haut in Audio articles • 11 min read
Impact metrics are not just about keeping regulators and investors happy, they can help unearth new pockets of value for companies, from talent and brand appeal to efficiency and innovation....
January 22, 2024 • by Jerry Davis in Audio articles • 8 min read
The venture capital model has failed far too many smaller firms seeking the funds to grow but, argues Jerry Davis, there is a better way....

Former ING and UBS CEO Ralph Hamers on leading “banking’s biggest digital transformation” – and why AI may redefine financial advice.

NATO futurist Florence Gaub on war, weak signals, Gen Z, and why leaders need not only foresight, but also science fiction to future-proof their organizations

Former U.S. National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan on why the post-Cold War world is over – and who is shaping the new rules of global business

Ipsen CEO David Loew tells Jean-François Manzoni how relentless focus, the Pareto principle, and having fun helped energize a mid-sized specialty pharma player to take on bigger rivals.

Discover how bonding and bridging capital fuel change. Insights from Raising Social Capital show why trust is your company’s hidden engine

A new book challenges the conventional belief that sustainability alone drives customer purchases. In a webinar hosted by Karl Schmedders, the book’s co-author, Goutam Challagalla, explains how companies can make sustainability scalable by making it an enabler of innovation and growth.

Toxicity often starts when talk diverges from action. Learn diagnostic questions to reconcile lived experience with strategy and improve outcomes

Having your legitimacy questioned can happen to anyone, particularly in novel, tense, or challenging circumstances. Here are three tools to deal with it.

Leaders are conditioned to leap into action to meet challenges. But what if remaining calm and simply listening is what the people around you need in such moments?

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