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Brain Circuits
A 5-step approach to problem framing
When tackling a tough problem, remember these five Es before jumping to conclusions: expand, examine, empathize, elevate, and envision.
Given one hour to solve a problem, Albert Einstein famously said he’d “spend 55 minutes thinking about the problem and five minutes thinking about the solution.”
In those windup minutes, think about framing. Consider the long view and the details from various perspectives. Take steps to ensure that you don’t jump to conclusions before you fully grasp the nature of the problem.
This philosophy underpins our E5 framework which provides a structured approach for engaging with complex problems before leaping to solutions. Here’s a glimpse at the five phases that make up our framework:
Expand
Before brainstorming, try frame-storming. That’s where you gather a diverse team – with outsiders, if possible – to help identify all aspects of a problem.
Examine
Look at root causes. Consider the iceberg model which looks at layers beneath the surface – including underlying behavioral patterns, systematic structures, and mental models that may be pushing issues into view.
Empathize
Consider key stakeholders’ perspectives with empathy maps that can help illuminate what people are saying, thinking, feeling, and doing.
Elevate
Put the problem in its broader context by considering four distinct frames: (1) political issues, including power dynamics, (2) interpersonal issues and relationships, (3) structural issues, such as alignment and coordination of activities, and (4) symbolic issues that touch on group identity and culture.
Envision
Reverse-engineer your path to success by creating a roadmap to work back from the desired outcome. First, think about long-term milestones and then some more immediate actions to get you there.
With this framework, we recognize that you may need to loop back to previous phases to confront dynamic problems with shifting parameters. At the end of the day, the 5E framework is intended to foster a culture of continuous improvement and innovation.
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