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The Confidence Myth: How Women Leaders can Break Free from Gendered Perceptions
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Article
How to market sustainable products: Three paths to success

Many companies overestimate customers’ appetite for sustainable products, flooding the market with offerings that don’t sell. The reality is, social and environmental benefits have less impact on purchasing decisions than basic product attributes do. Consumers buy products to get specific jobs done, and only after they find something that will d…

Sustainability Global Business Marketing Customer Centricity
Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads 2025: The Definitive Management Ideas of the Year from Harvard Business Review
By Goutam Challagalla and Frédéric Dalsace
in Harvard Business Review
March-April 2024, vol. 102, issue 2, pp. 80-87
How to market sustainable products: Three paths to success
By Goutam Challagalla and Frédéric Dalsace
in Harvard Business Review March-April 2024, vol. 102, issue 2, pp. 80-87
Summary
Many companies overestimate customers’ appetite for sustainable products, flooding the market with offerings that don’t sell. The reality is, social and environmental benefits have less impact on purchasing decisions than basic product attributes do. Consumers buy products to get specific jobs done, and only after they find something that will d…
Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads 2025: The Definitive Management Ideas of the Year from Harvard Business Review
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Article
Data collectives are the next frontier of labor relations

The AI boom — and the growth of gen AI in particular — has introduced new points of conflict between employees and companies. Some of these have already started to play out, such as in the Writers Guild of America strike over how AI can and can’t be used in the entertainment industry. But others are still on the horizon. As AI becomes more integ…

Artificial Intelligence Data Analytics Technology Management Team Dynamics
Selected for HBR’s The year in tech, 2026: The insights you need from Harvard Business Review
By Amit M. Joshi and José Parra Moyano
in HBR.org
27 September 2024
Data collectives are the next frontier of labor relations
By Amit M. Joshi and José Parra Moyano
in HBR.org 27 September 2024
Summary
The AI boom — and the growth of gen AI in particular — has introduced new points of conflict between employees and companies. Some of these have already started to play out, such as in the Writers Guild of America strike over how AI can and can’t be used in the entertainment industry. But others are still on the horizon. As AI becomes more integ…
Selected for HBR’s The year in tech, 2026: The insights you need from Harvard Business Review
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Article
What everyone gets wrong about change management

Corporate transformations still have a miserable success rate: About three-quarters of change efforts either fail to deliver the anticipated benefits or are abandoned entirely. And because flawed implementation is most often blamed for such failures, organizations have focused on improving execution. But poor execution is only part of the proble…

Strategy Change Management
Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads on Change Management, updated and expanded collection 2025
By Jean-Louis Barsoux and Anand Narasimhan
in Harvard Business Review
November-December 2017, vol. 95, issue 6, pp. 78-85
What everyone gets wrong about change management
By Jean-Louis Barsoux and Anand Narasimhan
in Harvard Business Review November-December 2017, vol. 95, issue 6, pp. 78-85
Summary
Corporate transformations still have a miserable success rate: About three-quarters of change efforts either fail to deliver the anticipated benefits or are abandoned entirely. And because flawed implementation is most often blamed for such failures, organizations have focused on improving execution. But poor execution is only part of the proble…
Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads on Change Management, updated and expanded collection 2025
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Article
How managers become leaders

Harald (not his real name) is a highpotential leader with 15 years of experience at a leading European chemical company. He started as an assistant product manager in the plastics unit and was quickly transferred to Hong Kong to help set up the unit’s new Asian business center. As sales there soared, he soon won a promotion to sales manager. Thr…

Leadership Talent Management Change Management Team Dynamics
Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads on Leadership, updated and expanded collection 2025
By Michael D. Watkins
in Harvard Business Review
June 2012, vol. 90, no. 6, pp. 64-72
How managers become leaders
By Michael D. Watkins
in Harvard Business Review June 2012, vol. 90, no. 6, pp. 64-72
Summary
Harald (not his real name) is a highpotential leader with 15 years of experience at a leading European chemical company. He started as an assistant product manager in the plastics unit and was quickly transferred to Hong Kong to help set up the unit’s new Asian business center. As sales there soared, he soon won a promotion to sales manager. Thr…
Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads on Leadership, updated and expanded collection 2025
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Article
The set-up-to-fail syndrome: How bosses create their own poor performers

France’s recent successes make it more important than ever to understand what makes its managers tick. This year, France surpassed Japan and the U.K. in acquisitions of U.S. companies. And many French companies are world leaders, including Michelin and L’Oreal. According to the authors, who have studied the French model of management development…

Organizational Behavior Leadership
Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads on Managing People, updated and expanded collection 2025
By Jean-François Manzoni and Jean-Louis Barsoux
in Harvard Business Review
vol. 76, no. 2, pp. 101-113
The set-up-to-fail syndrome: How bosses create their own poor performers
By Jean-François Manzoni and Jean-Louis Barsoux
in Harvard Business Review vol. 76, no. 2, pp. 101-113
Summary
France’s recent successes make it more important than ever to understand what makes its managers tick. This year, France surpassed Japan and the U.K. in acquisitions of U.S. companies. And many French companies are world leaders, including Michelin and L’Oreal. According to the authors, who have studied the French model of management development…
Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads on Managing People, updated and expanded collection 2025
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Article
Put purpose at the core of your strategy

Eight years ago, Malnight, Buche, and Dhanaraj launched a study of high growth in companies, looking at three strategies known to drive it: creating new markets, serving broader stakeholder needs, and rewriting the rules of the game. To their surprise, they discovered a fourth driver they hadn’t considered at all: purpose. Companies have long be…

Strategy Leadership Purpose
Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads on Leading with Purpose collection 2024; Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads on Strategy, updated and expanded collection 2025
By Thomas W. Malnight, Ivy Buche and Charles Dhanaraj
in Harvard Business Review
September-October 2019, vol. 97, issue 5, pp. 70-79
Put purpose at the core of your strategy
By Thomas W. Malnight Ivy Buche and Charles Dhanaraj
in Harvard Business Review September-October 2019, vol. 97, issue 5, pp. 70-79
Summary
Eight years ago, Malnight, Buche, and Dhanaraj launched a study of high growth in companies, looking at three strategies known to drive it: creating new markets, serving broader stakeholder needs, and rewriting the rules of the game. To their surprise, they discovered a fourth driver they hadn’t considered at all: purpose. Companies have long be…
Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads on Leading with Purpose collection 2024; Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads on Strategy, updated and expanded collection 2025
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Academic publications
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Article
Artificial intelligence machines as relational nonhuman actors in entrepreneurial teams

We theoretically examine how artificial intelligence (AI) machines interact with and shape strategic decision-making within entrepreneurial teams. First, we explain how AI machines lead and assist teams to engage in cognitively complex decisions and explore new ways to combine resources. Second, we unpack this strategic decision-making reconfigu…

Artificial Intelligence Decision Making
By Alfredo De Massis and Samuele Murtinu
in Journal of Small Business Management
October 2025, vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 2890–2916, https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2025.2461031
Artificial intelligence machines as relational nonhuman actors in entrepreneurial teams
By Alfredo De Massis and Samuele Murtinu
in Journal of Small Business Management October 2025, vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 2890–2916, https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2025.2461031
Summary
We theoretically examine how artificial intelligence (AI) machines interact with and shape strategic decision-making within entrepreneurial teams. First, we explain how AI machines lead and assist teams to engage in cognitively complex decisions and explore new ways to combine resources. Second, we unpack this strategic decision-making reconfigu…
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Article
The gender gap in the care economy is larger in highly developed countries: Sociocultural explanations for paradoxical findings

Despite the growing demand for care economy employees (e.g., nurses, teachers, and social workers), men remain underrepresented in these careers. While economically developed countries support more equal rights for women and men, their labor markets are highly gender segregated (Charles, 1992, 2003). We conducted a focused investigation of this …

Diversity and Equity and Inclusion
By Katharina Block, Maria I. T. Olsson, Sanne Van Grootel, Alyson Meister and et al.
in American Psychologist
16 October 2025, ePub before print, https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001512
The gender gap in the care economy is larger in highly developed countries: Sociocultural explanations for paradoxical findings
By Katharina Block Maria I. T. Olsson Sanne Van Grootel Alyson Meister and et al.
in American Psychologist 16 October 2025, ePub before print, https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0001512
Summary
Despite the growing demand for care economy employees (e.g., nurses, teachers, and social workers), men remain underrepresented in these careers. While economically developed countries support more equal rights for women and men, their labor markets are highly gender segregated (Charles, 1992, 2003). We conducted a focused investigation of this …
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Article
Family business research: The next generation

The first quarter of the 21st century has seen significant advancements in family business scholarship. While many scholars have sought to develop a singular “theory of the family firm,” most research has instead focused on understanding how salient management and entrepreneurship theories operate within family firms, thereby enriching our knowl…

Family Business
By Benjamin D. McLarty, James Vardaman, Eric Liguori, Laura E. Marler and Alfredo De Massis
in Journal of Small Business Management
9 October 2025, ePub before print, https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2025.2553556
Family business research: The next generation
By Benjamin D. McLarty James Vardaman Eric Liguori Laura E. Marler and Alfredo De Massis
in Journal of Small Business Management 9 October 2025, ePub before print, https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2025.2553556
Summary
The first quarter of the 21st century has seen significant advancements in family business scholarship. While many scholars have sought to develop a singular “theory of the family firm,” most research has instead focused on understanding how salient management and entrepreneurship theories operate within family firms, thereby enriching our knowl…
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Article
Human-centered business education in an artificial intelligence-driven world

Faculty use of technology for teaching has been a part of business education for many years, but there is no doubt that recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have ushered in a period of major disruption in how and what we teach that is likely to continue for some time. To stay relevant, educators must embrace AI-induced change, yet the…

Artificial Intelligence Innovation
By Cynthia V. Fukami, Aimee L. Hamilton, Christine Rivers, Martin Fellenz and et al.
in Journal of Management Inquiry
7 October 2025, ePub before print, https://doi.org/10.1177/10564926251364213
Human-centered business education in an artificial intelligence-driven world
By Cynthia V. Fukami Aimee L. Hamilton Christine Rivers Martin Fellenz and et al.
in Journal of Management Inquiry 7 October 2025, ePub before print, https://doi.org/10.1177/10564926251364213
Summary
Faculty use of technology for teaching has been a part of business education for many years, but there is no doubt that recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have ushered in a period of major disruption in how and what we teach that is likely to continue for some time. To stay relevant, educators must embrace AI-induced change, yet the…
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Article
The secret of outlier ventures: Developing interpretive capacity to scale upp

A growing body of research seeks to understand why and how some ventures scale up while others do not. Ventures that succeed in scaling are outliers in the entrepreneurial ecosystem, recognized for adopting distinctive strategies to achieve exceptional growth. While emerging accounts suggest that scaling requires managing knowledge and synchroni…

Start-up Venture Capital
By Silvia Sanasi and Alfredo De Massis
in Academy of Management Perspectives
1 October 2025, ePub before print, https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2023.0496
The secret of outlier ventures: Developing interpretive capacity to scale upp
By Silvia Sanasi and Alfredo De Massis
in Academy of Management Perspectives 1 October 2025, ePub before print, https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2023.0496
Summary
A growing body of research seeks to understand why and how some ventures scale up while others do not. Ventures that succeed in scaling are outliers in the entrepreneurial ecosystem, recognized for adopting distinctive strategies to achieve exceptional growth. While emerging accounts suggest that scaling requires managing knowledge and synchroni…
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Article
Risky business: Comparing the opportunity evaluation decisions of social and commercial entrepreneurs

Via a choice-based conjoint experiment and Hierarchical Bayesian Analysis (HBA) of 2538 decisions from 141 entrepreneurs, we model opportunity evaluations as a utility maximizing response to identify and compare part-worth utilities for distinct levels of value capture and risk/uncertainty. Contrary to predictions from existing theories of the s…

Social Innovation Entrepreneurship
By Matthew Bird, Patrick Reichert and Vanina Farber
in Economic Letters
October 2025, vol. 256, 112634, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2025.112634
Risky business: Comparing the opportunity evaluation decisions of social and commercial entrepreneurs
By Matthew Bird Patrick Reichert and Vanina Farber
in Economic Letters October 2025, vol. 256, 112634, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2025.112634
Summary
Via a choice-based conjoint experiment and Hierarchical Bayesian Analysis (HBA) of 2538 decisions from 141 entrepreneurs, we model opportunity evaluations as a utility maximizing response to identify and compare part-worth utilities for distinct levels of value capture and risk/uncertainty. Contrary to predictions from existing theories of the s…
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Case studies
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Case Study
The power of brand-led differentiation: What Vanzetti Engineering learned from luxury brands (B) (Video case)

This case series explores what companies can learn from luxury brands without becoming luxury brands themselves. The video B case features interviews with three Vanzetti Engineering executives: the marketing director, the CEO and owner and the chief commercial officer. With the shrinking of the automobile industry, the company has had to reposit…

Luxury Marketing Strategy
By Stéphane J. G. Girod and Martin Králik
Case reference: IMD-2696, © 2025
The power of brand-led differentiation: What Vanzetti Engineering learned from luxury brands (B) (Video case)
By Stéphane J. G. Girod and Martin Králik
Case reference: IMD-2696 ©2025
Summary
This case series explores what companies can learn from luxury brands without becoming luxury brands themselves. The video B case features interviews with three Vanzetti Engineering executives: the marketing director, the CEO and owner and the chief commercial officer. With the shrinking of the automobile industry, the company has had to reposition itself in other industrial sectors where it is significantly smaller than the customers. Vanzetti Engineering embraced some of the codes of luxury branding according to what suited it and ignored others. The company discovered that although it was focused mostly on creating functional value, it had to dwell much more on emotional and societal value creation. The process of brand elevation required a complete cultural transformation, and one of the lessons from the case is that a brand is not a slogan but a way of being and of delivering value.
Reference IMD-2696
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Vanzetti Engineering
Industry Construction and Engineering;Manufacturing
Available Languages English
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Book
The state of globalisation

The State of Globalisation brings together leading economists to examine how technology, policy, and geopolitics are simultaneously reshaping the global economy in unprecedented ways. Far from marking a simple retreat, today’s divergent forces are transforming cross-border trade, investment, and supply chains, generating both new risks of fragme…

Geopolitics Global Business Economics
Edited by Richard Baldwin and Michele Ruta
Published by CEPR Press, © 2025
The state of globalisation
By Richard Baldwin and Michele Ruta
Published by CEPR Press ©2025
Summary
The State of Globalisation brings together leading economists to examine how technology, policy, and geopolitics are simultaneously reshaping the global economy in unprecedented ways. Far from marking a simple retreat, today’s divergent forces are transforming cross-border trade, investment, and supply chains, generating both new risks of fragme…
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner External Copyright
Available Languages English
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Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications