Salvatore Cantale

Professor of Finance

Salvatore Cantale is Professor of Finance. His academic and consulting work is divided into two different but complementary streams. First, he works at the intersection between strategy, business models, and financial results. He also sheds light on the relationship between ESG and finance, with the aim of increasing the understanding of how ESG policies impact both sustainability outcomes and financial results, and of helping companies navigate ESG ambitions and regulatory requirements.

In the area of strategy, business models, and financial results, Cantale helps class participants and companies to decipher financial results, determine the financial implications of business initiatives, and develop the business case for courses of action by putting numbers on proposed measures. He insists that a better understanding of the financial implications of a desired course of corporate action is a prerequisite for any aspiring value-enhancing executive at any level. As a certified leadership coach, he also provides guidance on ways to improve the performance of finance functions.

Financial results are the outcome of a wide range of things done by people in companies. When managers appreciate the link between their actions and the results, they feel a greater sense of responsibility.

In the field of ESG and finance, he is interested in sustainable business models, climate tech, investor activism, and how financial tools such as green bonds, sustainability-linked bonds, and derivatives can help address challenges for corporations in financing their investments in this essential area. His work has been presented at the European Parliament Committee on Transport and Tourism (TRAN) and has had a powerful impact on how to translate regulation and policy directions into implementable actions for companies.

At IMD, his portfolio of activities covers a wide range of topics and participants. He directs the Finance for Boards (FFB) program and the newly designed Sustainability for Boards and Board Banking Program. He also teaches finance in the MBA program, delivers customized sessions on finance and strategy for general management programs such as the Advanced Management Program (AMP) and the flagship program Orchestrating Winning Performance (OWP), and contributes to the Strategic Finance (SF) program.

In addition, he has carried out consultancy services or designed and delivered in-company programs for many organizations, including financial companies such as APG, MUFG, Development Bank of Japan, China Development Bank, China Minsheng Bank, Bank of Communications, UniCredit and Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, as well as strategy programs for non-financial companies such as Lacoste, Pernod Ricard, NCC, Bupa Arabia, Barilla, Seadrill, Unilever, Coca-Cola Hellenic, Tata Motors, Pirelli, Sibur, KPN, Honda, Kering and Maersk.

He has been published in a variety of international double-refereed journals on topics such as IPOs, security design, financial engineering, and dual listing. His work has also appeared in practitioner journals such as MIT Sloan Management Review, as well as in the Wall Street Journal, the Financial Times, and other media outlets.

Before joining IMD in 2011, he was a faculty director for the Master’s in finance at the AB Freeman School of Business at Tulane University in the US, where he won numerous teaching awards. Previously, he worked as an analyst with a large investment bank in London, and as a research fellow at New York University.

Selected publications
Solutions to ‘dirty’ bitcoin’s growing sustainability challenge
Article
Solutions to ‘dirty’ bitcoin’s growing sustainability challenge
FinanceSustainability
Cryptocurrencies, the environmental bogeyman, could be a force of good, provided the industry can move to more energy-efficient mining methods and greener power sources.
3 December 2021
ABP’s bold move strengthens the case for divesting fossil fuel stocks
Article
ABP’s bold move strengthens the case for divesting fossil fuel stocks
Supply ChainInvestment
Dutch pension fund ABP’s decision to withdraw from the fossil fuel sector carries some risks, but it is a courageous move that could have wider repercussions.
29 October 2021
Low cost, high impact: the new ‘Barbarians at the Gate’
Article
Low cost, high impact: the new ‘Barbarians at the Gate’
Finance
Shareholder activism campaigns surged at the end of 2020 and will only intensify in the years to come, even in the traditionally more sedate European market. Here's one reason why...
14 May 2021
Danone’s damaging brush with activist investors
Article
Danone’s damaging brush with activist investors
Finance
Activist shareholding is a low-cost version of acquisition: you get the changes you want at a fraction of the cost. It is of paramount importance that there be consensus between board and top manag...
22 March 2021
Article
Is your company addicted to value extraction?
LeadershipStakeholder Management
Should companies exercise their ability to “extract” value from external or internal stakeholders? What is value extraction? Is it in the long-term interest of the shareholders? We define value ext...
1 August 2014
Academic publications
Case Study
Nine Realms: Independent vs. corporate venture capital
Business to BusinessEntrepreneurshipFinanceStrategySupply Chain
This case is designed to discuss the tradeoffs between independent venture capital (IVC) and corporate venture capital (CVC). Students also have the opportunity to analyze two startup investment op...
15 March 2023
Case Study
Tyre Recycling Solutions: What goes around comes around
General ManagementSustainabilityCorporate Governance
Old tires are cumbersome, environmentally unfriendly and materially complex. A cost-effective, sustainable technological solution for dealing with them could contribute significantly to the circula...
20 December 2022
Case Study
Governance at ABP and APG: The €440 billion challenge
FinanceStrategy
ABP was Europe’s largest pension fund with assets under management of €440 billion. Although ABP was much admired abroad as an industry frontrunner, at home where it managed nearly one-third of Dut...
31 December 2020
Case Study
The Wesfarmers way (A)
Finance
A discussion between two hedge fund managers is used to examine the merits of investing in Wesfarmers, an industrial conglomerate, following a transformative acquisition of a retail business called...
19 July 2019
Case Study
The Wesfarmers way (B)
Finance
Continuation of Case A
19 July 2019
Case Study
Campari (B): Buying a blend of family business and orange liqueur
StrategyFamily Business
At the age of 23, Luca Garavoglia became chairman of the Campari Group following the sudden death of his father two years earlier in 1992. From the start, Luca adopted a strategy of fast growth thr...
5 June 2018
Case Study
Campari (A): A cocktail of organic and external growth
StrategyFamily Business
When Luca Garavoglia became chairman of the Campari Group at the age of 23 following the death of his father, he immediately adopted a strategy of fast growth through acquisitions. Over the next 24...
5 June 2018
Case Study
China’s Tencent: Leading the way in monetizing platforms
Worldwide, there is no parallel comparison to China’s Tencent Holdings. The $22 billion tech giant is a collective answer to Facebook, WhatsApp, Spotify, Kindle, Skype, Pinterest, Apple Pay and oth...
30 November 2017
Case Study
Uber: An empire in the making?
Strategy
The case study is set in early December 2014. Uber has just completed a round of funding and as a result has an eye-watering valuation of US$41 billion. The case initially explains the service Uber...
6 November 2015
Article
Is your company addicted to value extraction?
LeadershipStakeholder Management
Should companies exercise their ability to “extract” value from external or internal stakeholders? What is value extraction? Is it in the long-term interest of the shareholders? We define value ext...
1 August 2014
Article
The value of information in cross-listing
Finance
Until 2004, the London Stock Exchange allowed firms to be traded in the specialized SEAQ-I platform without the firm's involvement. Trading only required an application by one LSE trading member fi...
1 January 2012
Article
A breakdown of the valuation effects of international cross-listing
Investment
It is well known that cross-listing domestic stocks in foreign exchanges has significant valuation effects on the listed company's shares. Using a sample of firms with dual shares, the authors expl...
1 January 2007
Article
Putable common stock
Finance
The underpricing of initial public offerings is a well-documented phenomenon in the financial literature. The purpose of this paper is to show how this empirical regularity could be solved by an ap...
1 November 2004
Insight for Executives
Swiss banking: A damaged brand
Article
Swiss banking: A damaged brand
FinanceStrategy
How did Credit Suisse get into such a sorry mess, and what steps can Swiss banks take now to win back trust?
19 May 2023
The crucial role of the board in driving sustainable business transformation: Sustainability toolkit no. 4
Article
The crucial role of the board in driving sustainable business transformation: Sustainability toolkit no. 4
SustainabilityBoard
In the fourth of a series of practical guides, Knut Haanaes and Salvatore Cantale look at the vital role played by boards in driving companies’ sustainability strategies. Board members often feel i...
15 May 2023
Switzerland will suffer the shadow cost of Credit Suisse/UBS marriage
Article
Switzerland will suffer the shadow cost of Credit Suisse/UBS marriage
Finance
By ignoring the views of UBS shareholders, trashing the priority rule, and failing to protect Credit Suisse shareholders, regulators have tarnished the reputation of Swiss banking for years to come...
23 March 2023
Next-gen leaders hold key to faster progress on sustainability
Article
Next-gen leaders hold key to faster progress on sustainability
LeadershipSustainability
The next generation of business leaders can play a vital role in speeding up progress on sustainability, according to leadership expert Clarke Murphy.
21 October 2022
The stakes are high, so don't play Russian roulette with your security
Article
The stakes are high, so don't play Russian roulette with your security
Technology ManagementDigital
Every part of your business is at risk, not just the IT system, and new regulations are opening the way to litigation and fines for those who do not put their house in order.
16 September 2022
‘Gigacorns’: Funding the world’s climate unicorns
Article
‘Gigacorns’: Funding the world’s climate unicorns
SustainabilityFinanceInnovationStart-up
Venture capitalists are making risky bets on startups they think have the potential to play a role in the global fight against climate change.
25 May 2022
Mind the compliance gap
Article
Mind the compliance gap
Finance
In many businesses, compliance training fell by the wayside when Covid-19 altered priorities and made in-person teaching impossible. That could have significant ramifications. As a result, business...
23 May 2022
The holistic approach to value capture – ask four questions
Article
The holistic approach to value capture – ask four questions
StrategyLeadershipInnovation
An award-winning book on business model innovation helps leaders engineer their way to success by reframing their businesses in today’s virtual setting.
25 February 2022
Solutions to ‘dirty’ bitcoin’s growing sustainability challenge
Article
Solutions to ‘dirty’ bitcoin’s growing sustainability challenge
FinanceSustainability
Cryptocurrencies, the environmental bogeyman, could be a force of good, provided the industry can move to more energy-efficient mining methods and greener power sources.
3 December 2021
ABP’s bold move strengthens the case for divesting fossil fuel stocks
Article
ABP’s bold move strengthens the case for divesting fossil fuel stocks
Supply ChainInvestment
Dutch pension fund ABP’s decision to withdraw from the fossil fuel sector carries some risks, but it is a courageous move that could have wider repercussions.
29 October 2021
Leadership localization – where effective supply chain management meets smart politics
Article
Leadership localization – where effective supply chain management meets smart politics
LeadershipSupply Chain
With global threats from COVID to trade tensions exposing companies to costly disruptions, leaders should be thinking about supply chain resilience and regionalization
27 September 2021
Negotiation techniques for a global dealmaking frenzy
Article
Negotiation techniques for a global dealmaking frenzy
LeadershipNegotiation
Apply these strategic methods to maximize value for all parties.
9 September 2021
Low cost, high impact: the new ‘Barbarians at the Gate’
Article
Low cost, high impact: the new ‘Barbarians at the Gate’
Finance
Shareholder activism campaigns surged at the end of 2020 and will only intensify in the years to come, even in the traditionally more sedate European market. Here's one reason why...
14 May 2021
Why HR can make or break any M&A deal
Article
Why HR can make or break any M&A deal
Human ResourcesStrategy
Too many companies looking to buy out or join forces with their rivals ignore the risks posed by differences between workforces and corporate culture. In 1998, Jürgen Schrempp touted his “merger of...
26 April 2021
Why HR can make or break any M&A deal
Article
Why HR can make or break any M&A deal
StrategyMergers and Acquisitions
Too many companies looking to buy out or join forces with their rivals ignore the risks posed by differences between workforces and corporate culture.
26 April 2021
Archegos, the Wall Street fire sale, and the need for reporting requirements
Article
Archegos, the Wall Street fire sale, and the need for reporting requirements
FinanceFamily BusinessCorporate Governance
Archegos had secured billions of dollars in credit from several investment banks using opaque financial derivatives that enabled it to amass massive stakes in companies under the radar. When its hi...
1 April 2021
Danone’s damaging brush with activist investors
Article
Danone’s damaging brush with activist investors
Finance
Activist shareholding is a low-cost version of acquisition: you get the changes you want at a fraction of the cost. It is of paramount importance that there be consensus between board and top manag...
22 March 2021
Report
Delivering value through mergers and acquisitions – HR’s critical role
Mergers and AcquisitionsTalent Management
Merger and Acquisition activity is already rebounding from its initial pandemic-driven slump, and is likely to be rising up the agenda at many organisations. HR has a critical role to play in this ...
4 March 2021
Article
Tencent, avamposto cinese che scala la Rete
DigitalSocial MediaSocial Platform
Although Tencent holdings was not very successful in making WeChat famous beyond beyond China, it nevertheless attempted to build a global gaming empire. In January 2021 the value of Tencent's mar...
1 March 2021
Leading in turbulent times webinar series: Rethinking corporate bureaucracy
Video
Leading in turbulent times webinar series: Rethinking corporate bureaucracy
Agility Finance Strategy
We don’t know what scenario is currently playing out, but firms need to be agile, discovery-driven and adopt a problem-solving mentality.
6 April 2020