Share
Facebook Facebook icon Twitter Twitter icon LinkedIn LinkedIn icon Email
Leadership decision traps

Brain Circuits

How to avoid six leadership decision traps

Published September 23, 2026 in Brain Circuits • 3 min read

From solving the wrong problem to getting the right people in the room, Michael Watkins highlights recurring decision traps and how to avoid them.

Trap 1: Solving the wrong problem

You state the problem, hear options, and start choosing – but if you frame the problem incorrectly, even a sound decision process will produce the wrong answer.

  • The fix: Before considering options, explicitly frame the problem. Ask whether the framing is too narrow or too broad. Separate true constraints from assumed ones and reframe if needed.

Trap 2: Eliminating your best option

Before deliberation even begins, you dismiss options based on untested assumptions about what is possible.

  • The fix: Test every assumption you have accepted as a given. For each constraint, ask: is this a fact or an assumption? Have we actually tested this boundary?

Trap 3: Having the wrong people in the room

Inclusive decision-making feels responsible but can be counterproductive. Blenko, Mankins, and Rogers identified the “Rule of Seven” – every person added to a decision-making group beyond seven reduces decision effectiveness by 10%. It’s also about who speaks and when. When the most senior leader speaks first, everyone else self-edits. Junior people with fresh perspectives hold back.

  • The fix: In meetings, include only those who genuinely need to be part of the decision. Change the speaking order so that junior voices go first and the leader speaks last.

Trap 4: Fearing a bad decision more than not deciding

Rarely is “do nothing” put on the table as a choice with its own costs. The underlying fear is that a bad decision will be damaging and permanent – but most decisions are far more reversible than they feel in the moment.

  • The fix: Before deliberating, classify the decision. Is it a one-way door or a two-way door? For two-way doors, bias toward speed. For one-way doors, slow down and invest in the process. Always make the cost of not deciding concrete and visible.

Trap 5: Thinking a decision has been made

This trap happens after the meeting ends. There was agreement, and the direction seemed clear – but nothing happens because people left without genuine buy-in. They then hedge their bets, expecting the strategy to shift, the executive to rotate, or new data to change the picture.

  • The fix: Before anyone leaves the room, ask what people think they just agreed to. Clarify who is doing what, by when, and how you will follow up. If the room goes quiet, you know you have politeness, not commitment.

Trap 6: Not looking back

No one returns to ask whether the process was sound, whether the outcome was good or lucky, or what could be learned. Without this reflection, you will repeat your traps indefinitely, developing habitual blind spots and never building the pattern recognition that helps you improve.

  • The fix: Always hold post-mortem reviews for important decisions. Ask whether you framed the problem correctly, whether the right people were involved, and whether agreement was genuine.

Checklist

Go through these questions to make sure your decision-trap radar is working:

  • What problem are we actually trying to solve?
  • Have we tested all our assumptions about what is (im)possible?
  • Are we observing “the Rule of Seven”?
  • Have we given due consideration to doing nothing?
  • Do we have genuine commitment to the decision?
  • Have we reviewed the decision process?

Key takeaway

The leaders who make the best decisions are those who have learned to recognize their own patterns and build the simple disciplines that keep them from repeating them.

Authors

Michael Watkins

Professor of Leadership and Organizational Change

Michael D Watkins is Professor of Leadership and Organizational Change at IMD, and author of The First 90 Days, Master Your Next Move, Predictable Surprises, and 12 other books on leadership and negotiation. His book, The Six Disciplines of Strategic Thinking, explores how executives can learn to think strategically and lead their organizations into the future. A Thinkers 50-ranked management influencer and recognized expert in his field, his work features in HBR Guides and HBR’s 10 Must Reads on leadership, teams, strategic initiatives, and new managers. Over the past 20 years, he has used his First 90 Days® methodology to help leaders make successful transitions, both in his teaching at IMD, INSEAD, and Harvard Business School, where he gained his PhD in decision sciences, as well as through his private consultancy practice Genesis Advisers. At IMD, he directs the First 90 Days open program for leaders taking on challenging new roles and co-directs the Transition to Business Leadership (TBL) executive program for future enterprise leaders, as well as the Program for Executive Development.

Related

Learn Brain Circuits

Join us for daily exercises focusing on issues from team building to developing an actionable sustainability plan to personal development. Go on - they only take five minutes.
 
Read more 

Explore Leadership

What makes a great leader? Do you need charisma? How do you inspire your team? Our experts offer actionable insights through first-person narratives, behind-the-scenes interviews and The Help Desk.
 
Read more

Join Membership

Log in here to join in the conversation with the I by IMD community. Your subscription grants you access to the quarterly magazine plus daily articles, videos, podcasts and learning exercises.
 
Sign up

Log in or register to enjoy the full experience

Explore first person business intelligence from top minds curated for a global executive audience