Carvajal: Building a holistic family enterprise

Family offices are experiencing unprecedented growth, with an estimated 17,000 worldwide and nearly 10,000 established in just the last fifteen years (EY, 2022). Yet despite this rapid expansion, academic research has struggled to keep pace with p...

Family firms are often portrayed as cohesive systems driven by strong family leadership. But what happens when these firms grow complex, operate across multiple business units, and rely heavily on nonfamily managers? After all, nonfamily employees...

In entrepreneurial families, complexity lies primarily in their ongoing interaction with the family.

Belonging is important because it is what holds an organisation together when complexity increases. It is not a “soft” feeling: it is an operational condition. When people experience a sense of belonging to a recognisable “us”, coordination costs ...

Family offices are no longer quiet custodians of wealth. Based on the IMD-FBN Global Family Office Report - one of the most comprehensive family-first studies of its kind - they are evolving into multidimensional platforms that anchor both financi...

The fourth industrial revolution (I4.0) is critically relevant to the future of business management. In this study, we theoretically examine I4.0 investment and implementation from a social capital perspective. By explicating the various forms of ...