How will currency fluctuations impact competitiveness?
The latest currency fluctuation wave in Europe will indeed impact several competitiveness criteria. In terms of the World Competitiveness Yearbook hard statistics, such an impact will be felt in the long-term. Changes in exchange rates will resonate, for example, in indicators such as stock prices and export sales for 2016 (if not later).
Currency stability, however, is fundamental for the degree of confidence that economic actors have in a particular economy. In this sense, there are competitiveness indicators that will display the impact of fluctuations more substantially in the short-term. We expect therefore that data gathered through our 2015 Executive Opinion Survey will exhibit such an impact. For example, we largely expect survey participants residing in directly affected countries to conceive of exchange rates as a hindrance for the competitiveness of enterprises. In addition, opinions about the resilience of those economies to withstand economic cycles could become unfavourable.
The image abroad or branding of some countries may be affected negatively, which could eventually impact business development in those economies. Respondents may take an adverse stand in regards to the government. For example this could affect their impressions about the adaptability of government policy to changes in the economy, the effectiveness of the implementation of government decision and, in some cases, the likelihood of an increased risk of political instability.
Perceptions about credit availability and the financing of companies could also suffer. It could be the case that respondents find that credit is not easily available for businesses and that the levels of financing to companies are inadequate. In addition, opinions about the banking and financial services could shift. Respondents may perceive a decline in the support that these institutions provide to businesses. Undoubtedly, assessments of risk factors in the financial system will be affected as well as the relationship between the cost of capital and business development. Capital markets (foreign and domestic) could be found as inaccessible. At the same time, survey respondents may find that the investment environment in their respective countries lacks attractiveness for foreign investors.

To sustain competitiveness it is fundamental for countries to maintain the levels of confidence that their institutions enjoy which in turn depends on the perceptions of market agents. In this sense, our Executive Opinion Survey is an accurate tool to gauge and capture market sentiments about current economic events. Be ready then for a “reality check,” we compile the 2015 survey results by the end of May.
Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications
When the world’s cities compete for talent, innovation, and investment, intelligence—not size—determines who wins. The Smart City Playbook is a fascinating journey into the front lines of urban transformation, written by Arturo Bris, one of the wo...
The shadow banking system is back in the spotlight. Hedge funds and private credit vehicles are huge in size and their ties to banks have deepened to the point that trouble in that market could jolt the wider financial system, regulators are warni...
In a world fractured by rival empires and the rise of protectionist ideologies, Europe remains an exception: a continent of stability, rules and trust. Too often described as a museum of past glories, it has in fact become the most prosperous, equ...
This paper extends the New Industrial Policy Observatory (NIPO) dataset from 2009 to 2023 by employing large language model techniques to identify policy motivations. We document widespread industrial policy adoption across advanced and emerging m...
in I by IMD
Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications
Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications
Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications
Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications
Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications
Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications
in I by IMD
Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications
International Monetary Fund working paper 2025
Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications
Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications
IMD World Competitiveness Center Report, October 2025
Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications